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1-1 REGIONS CLASSIFICATION

THE AREA OF EGYPT DEVIDED TO THREE PARTS ACCORDING TO EARTHQUAKE INTINSTY:
AREA 1 IS TOTAL COUNTRY EXCEPT AREA 2 & AREA 3... THIS AREA1 IS SUBJECTED TO WEAK EARTHQUAKE INTINSTY
AREA 2 IS SUBJECTED TO (WEAK-MEDIUM) EARTHQUAKE INTINSTY
AREA 3 IS SUBJECTED TO MEDIUM EARTHQUAKE INTINSTY

1-2

DESIGNING STRUCTURES DOES NOT CONSIDER EARTHQUAKE FOR THE BUILDINGS WITH HEIGHT (<18 M FOR AREA 1, &<15 M FOR AREA 2, & <12 M FOR AREA 3) AND WITH THESE CONDITIONS:
-THE STRUCTURE FOR HOUSING
-THE STRUCTURE CONSISTS OF REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAMS AND COLUMNS
-THE STRUCTURE HAS A SUITABLE RIGID FRAME IN THE MAIN TWO DIRECTION OF THE STRUCTURE
-THE RATIO BETWEEN BUILDING’S HEIGHT TO THE MINIMUM HORIZONTAL LENGTH <2.5

PRECAST UNITS SHOULD BE CONSIDER THE EARTHQUAKE WHILE DESIGNING

2-1 METHODS OF DESIGN:

2-1-1 EQUIVALENT STATIC LOAD METHOD

USED FOR BUILDINGS ORGANIZED AND HOMOGENOUS (SHAPE AND STRUCTURE SYSTEM) AND RATIO BETWEEN ITS HEIGHT TO HORIZONTAL LENGTH IN EARHQUAKE DIRECTION <5 AND ITS HEIGTH <100 M
* ORGANIZED AND HOMOGENOUS (SHAPE AND STRUCTURE SYSTEM) BUILDINGS , ITS VERTICAL ELEMENTS OVERALL ITS HEIGHT TO ITS FOUNDATION HAS NO SUDDEN CHANGES IN THE CROSS SECTION AREA*
** OTHER METHODS COULD BE USED INSTEAD IN CONDITION THE CALCULATED FORCE IN THOSE METHODS > 80% OF THE CALCULATED FORCE USING EQUIVALENT STATIC LOAD METHOD**




2-1-2
STRUCTURES DESIGN TO RESIST TOTAL EARTHQUAKE FORCE(V)EFFECTING AT FOUNDATION TOP LEVEL IN THE MAIN TWO DIRECTIONS EACH ALONE IS CALCULATED FROM THE FORMULA
V=Z*I*K*C*S*W
WHERE
Z = EARTHQUAKE INTINISTY FACTOR
= 0.1 FOR AREA 1
= 0.2 FOR AREA 2
= 0.3 FOR AREA 3
I = STRUCTURE IMOPTANCE FACTOR
= 1.25 FOR (HOSPITALS-FIREFIGHTING STATIONS-POLICE...)
= 1.00 FOR (HOUSING-ADMINS-..0
K = STRUCTION SYSTEM FACTOR
= 1.22 FOR BOX SYSTEMS THE SHEAR WALLS OR FIXED FRAMES RESIST THE TOTAL FORCE
= 0.67 FOR ROLLED FRAMES RESIST THE TOTAL FORCE
= 0.80 FOR HINGED FRAMES RESIST THE TOTAL FORCE
= 1.00 FOR COMPOUND SYSTEM
C= STRUCTURE FACTOR
C < 0.12
= 1/15 (sq. root T)
T= FUNDEMENTAL NATURAL PERIOD OF THE BUILDING IN SECONDS
=0.1 N
FOR ELEMENTS RESISTS MOMENT IN STRUCTURE AND RESIST THE TOTAL EARTHQUAKE FORCE

=0.09 H / (sq. root B)
FOR OTHER MULTI-FLOORS SYSTEM
N= NUMBER OF FLOORS INCLUDING BASEMENT
H= TOTAL HEIGHT ABOVE FOUNDATION LEVEL IN METERS
B= HORIZONTAL LENGTH IN EARTHQUAKE FORCE DIRECTION
S = SOIL FACTOR
= 1.0 FOR ROCK, DENSE SOIL OR VERY COHESIVE WITH DEPTH >15 M, OR MEDIUM DENSE OR COHESIVE WITH DEPTH <15 M, OVER A BETTER SPECIFICATION LAYER
= 1.15 FOR MEDIUM DENSE OR COHESIVE SOIL WITH DEPTH >15 M, OR LOOSE OR NON COHESIVE SOIL WITH DEPTH <15 M OVER A BETTER SPECIFICATION LAYER
= 1.20 FOR LOOSE OR NON COHESIVE SOIL WITH DEPTH >15 M
W = IS THE DESIGN WEIGHT FOR THE BUILDING AND TAKEN EQUALS (PERMENANT STRUCTURE LOAD WHEN DESIGN LIVE LOADS <500 KG/M2) OR TAKEN EQUALS (PERMENANT STRUCTURE LOAD + ½ LIVE LOAD WHEN DESIGN LIVE LOADS >500 KG/M2)


2-1-3 TOTAL FORCE (V) DISTREBUTION

V IS DISTREBUTED TO STATIC FORCE EFFICTING AT EACH FLOOR SLAB INCLUDING THE ROOF SLAB AND CALCULATING AS THE FOLLOWING FORMULA:
Fj=Wj.Hj. (V-Ft)/SUM (Wj.Hj) ,,,,j=1,N
WHERE
Wj= DESIGN WEIGHT FOR FLOOR NUMBER (j)
Hj = HEIGHT OF FLOOR NUMBER (j) MEASURED FROM FOUNDATION Ft = 0.07 T.V ,25% OFV , Ft = 0.00 WHEN T=<0.7 SECOND



2-2 SPECTRO RESPONSIVENESS METHOD

USED FOR BUILDINGS ORGANIZED AND HOMOGENOUS (SHAPE AND STRUCTURE SYSTEM) AND ITS HEIGTH >100 M AND <150 M
OR RATIO BETWEEN ITS HEIGHT TO HORIZONTAL LENGTH IN EARHQUAKE DIRECTION >5
EARTHQUAKE EFFECT TAKEN AS STAT FORCE EFFICTING AT EACH FLOOR SLAB INCLUDING THE ROOF SLAB AND EVALULATED USING THE DYNAMIC SPECIFICATION LIKE NATURAL PERIOD , NATURAL MODE WHICH DEFINED WITH MODAL ANALYSIS (CALCULATED FORCE IN THIS METHOD MUST BE > 80% OF THE CALCULATED FORCE USING EQUIVALENT STATIC LOAD METHOD

2-3 DYNAMIC RESPONSIVENESS METHOD

USED FOR BUILDINGS NOT ORGANIZED AND HOMOGENOUS (SHAPE AND STRUCTURE SYSTEM OR ITS HEIGTH >150 M
FORCES IN DIFFERENT ELEMENTS IN THE STRUCTURE CALCULATED BY DEFINING THE DYNAMIC RESPONSIVENESS WITH EARTH MOVMENT DUE TO THE EARTHQUAKE BY INTEGRATING THE STRUCTURE MOVMENT EQUATION TO THE TIME TAKING IN ACCOUNT THE FOUNDATION AND THE SOIL.

3-1 TORSION MOMENT

ELEMENTS RESISTING SHEAR SHOULD BE ABLETO RESIST EXESS SHEAR FORCE RESULED FROM ECCENTRIC FORCES IN THE MAIN TWO DIRECTION OF THE STRUCTURE

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